Best Non-Toxic Oven Cleaner in 2024

Diethylene glycol ethers is a chemical that has been found to have hematologic, liver, and kidney effects. Exposure to large amounts, about 250 mg/kg/day, can lead to central nervous system depression and other organ damage in rats and may decrease red blood cell counts. It does not show genotoxic, mutagenic, liver, kidney, blood, or reproductive toxicity in animals or humans, but it is classified as an exceptional allergen. The material can be absorbed through the skin and is identified as a mild skin irritant and a severe eye irritant. Notably, its toxicity is lower than that of ethylene glycol ethers.

Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda or lye, is an odorless white crystalline solid that absorbs moisture from the air. It generates significant heat when dissolved in water or neutralized with acid which may ignite combustible materials. It is highly corrosive and is typically used as a solid or in a 50% solution. Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture a variety of products including soaps, rayon, paper, explosives, dyestuffs, and petroleum products. Exposure to this substance may cause severe burns, necrosis, and pulmonary edema, depending on the concentration and exposure method.

Ammonium hydroxide is a corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. High concentrations, either through inhalation or prolonged exposure, can lead to significant respiratory issues, including inflammation, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. It is used in various industries such as fertilizers, dyes, explosives, plastics, and cleansing agents, among others. Due to its intense pungency and potential to cause extreme irritation and even life-threatening conditions, precautions such as wearing protective clothing and immediate cleansing of affected areas are recommended. It should be stored away from combustibles and heavy metals, in well-ventilated areas and in specified containers. Disposal guidelines also need to be referred from environmental regulatory agencies due to the hazardous nature of the substance.

Sulfuric acid, a clear and highly corrosive liquid, is employed in the creation of fertilizers, other acids, and glue, and is used in petroleum purification, metal pickling, and lead-acid batteries. It can cause severe burns, is a potential human carcinogen, can trigger pulmonary edema, and may erode tooth enamel.

Ethylene glycol is a synthetic, odorless liquid with a sweet taste and water absorption properties. It is commonly used in antifreeze and de-icing solutions for vehicles, hydraulic brake fluids, and certain inks. Although lethal in large ingested quantities, leading to central nervous system depression, cardiopulmonary effects, and renal damage, exposure to low levels can cause minor throat and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic exposure in animals has demonstrated kidney toxicity and liver effects. Despite its potential toxicity, ethylene glycol poisoning is unlikely through skin contact and inhalation at room temperature due to its low volatility, though caution should be taken if the liquid is heated or sprayed.

Methylene dichloride, also known as dichloromethane, is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor that is predominantly used as an industrial solvent, in paint strippers, aerosol and pesticide products, and in the manufacture of photographic film. It does not occur naturally in the environment. Short-term inhalation can cause nervous system effects such as decreased visual, auditory, and motor functions, which are reversible once exposure stops. Long-term exposure can potentially target the central nervous system. Studies are inconclusive about its relation with cancer, but have shown liver injury, increase in liver and lung cancer, and benign mammary gland tumors in animals. Some absorbed methylene chloride is metabolized to carbon monoxide. High exposure can cause trivial hepatotoxicity.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released by many cleaning products, as revealed by a study in Chemosphere which analyzed 30 such items. Of the 530 distinct VOCs identified, 193 were considered hazardous, linked to health issues like respiratory system damage and cancer. Indoor air contamination from VOCs is significantly higher than outdoor, with up to 10 times more pollutants. However, products labeled as green, particularly those without fragrances, exhibited fewer hazardous VOC emissions. Exposure to VOCs has critical health implications, especially for cleaning industry workers and children, and these compounds also contribute to outdoor air pollution.

Hydrochloric acid is used in multiple industries like chlorides, fertilizers, dyes, electroplating, and others. It has dangerous health effects like irritation and inflammation of eyes, nose and respiratory tract, and pulmonary edema after short-term inhalation; corrosion to mucous membranes, esophagus, and stomach and severe burns after oral exposure; dermatitis, photosensitization, gastritis and chronic bronchitis after long-term occupational exposure. While the EPA hasn't classified hydrochloric acid for carcinogenicity, many chemicals can spill to release HCl in water.

Phosphoric acid, in liquid or solid form, can cause second-degree burns upon contact within minutes. It's usually shipped as a solid or an 85% solution and is corrosive to skin when the concentration is over 70%. This acid is also an irritant to the eyes, skin, and upper respiratory tract, however, the risk of pulmonary edema is minimal.

Potassium hydroxide 30-70% is a liquid that is highly corrosive to skin, causing second or third-degree burns even after brief contact. It is a hazardous substance that can also induce pulmonary edema, a condition characterized by excessive fluid in the lungs. The effects and properties of this chemical can be compared to those of Sodium hydroxide.

Triethanolamine appears to cause occupational asthma and allergic contact dermatitis in machinists and photographers, as well as liver and kidney damage in animals with high-dose feeding. It's noted to be an irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, with potential to cause skin sensitization, though the rate of skin sensitization in humans is low. Triethanolamine has low acute toxicity, with median oral LD50 values of 4,190-11,260 mg/kg in rats and 5,300-8,000 mg/kg in guinea pigs, and a median dermal LD50 greater than 2,000 mg/kg in rabbits. Triethanolamine is not carcinogenic, developmental toxicant, or toxic to the reproductive system. However, chronic exposure may lead to liver and kidney damage.

2-Aminoethanol is a colorless, viscous liquid that, despite not being registered for pesticide use in the U.S, holds vast potential in a variety of applications. It can be used in cutting fluids, production of soaps, surfactants, salts, corrosion control inhibitors, pharmaceuticals, and even in protective topical solutions against chemical warfare agents. Used as a pharmaceutical adjuvant, 2-Aminoethanol is effective as a solvent for fats and oils and in creating emulsion formulas like lotions and creams. However, it poses health risks, as a 5.9% concentration can irritate human skin and inhalation may cause allergic reactions, liver damage, and liver symptoms.

Ethanolamine is a liquid that can cause first-degree burns on short exposure. It is known to be a skin irritant and can cause allergic contact dermatitis. Occupational exposure, notably among hairdressers, has been linked to asthma. Inhalation of ethanolamine in high concentrations can lead to Central Nervous System (CNS) depression and can be toxic to the liver, as shown in subchronic inhalation studies in animals. It is also a skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant, with the potential to sensitize the skin.

Diethanolamine is a chemical found in various consumer products like shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Acute exposure in humans can result in irritation of the nose, throat, and skin. However, no detailed data is available on its chronic, reproductive, developmental or carcinogenic effects on humans. Studies on animals reveal that acute oral exposure can influence the liver, blood, kidney, and central nervous system, while dermal exposure has been connected with an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice. Production of first-degree burns, skin irritation, occupational asthma, kidney, and liver injury risk, and potential skin sensitization are some other adverse effects associated with diethanolamine.

Benzene is a colorless, sweet-smelling, highly flammable liquid that evaporates quickly into the air and slightly dissolves in water. It's a byproduct of both natural processes and human activities, used extensively in the U.S production of other chemicals for plastics, resins, nylon, rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Present in crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke, benzene is also released into the air from burning coal, oil, gasoline stations, and vehicle exhaust. Short-term exposure may cause drowsiness, dizziness, and irritation, while long-term exposure leads to blood disorders, reproductive effects, and even leukemia. Benzene has been classified by EPA as a known human carcinogen, and regulations apply to various industry sectors with potentially high exposure risks.

Exposure to high concentrations of morpholine can cause prominent liver damage in animals. Additionally, occupational exposure to this substance can result in skin, eye, and respiratory irritation, but no long-term health effects have been reported. Morpholine is also regarded as corrosive to skin and can induce pulmonary edema.

Sodium metasilicate is a type of compound that includes varying amounts of sodium oxide (Na2-O) and silica (Si2-O), and its aqueous solutions are heavily alkaline and corrosive, typically containing weight ratios of silica to sodium oxide between 1.6 to 3.8. It is a strong irritant for skin and eyes and can be toxic if ingested in high doses. In its aerosol form, it can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. The compound, tested at specific molar ratios, has shown corrosive effects on rabbit skin but hasn't shown any sensitizing effects in a local lymph node assay study on mice. Both hydrous and anhydrous forms, including Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, Sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, Sodium silicate, and Potassium silicate, share similar uses and adverse effects, mainly due to their corrosive effects on metal and tissue resulting from their alkalinity.