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Best Non-Toxic Night Cream in 2024
Updated:
Nov 18, 2024
Written by Camille May
Cofounder & Product Curator
+ 1 more
Medically reviewed by Olushola Awoyemi
PhD Environmental Toxicology
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What you should know when choosing non-toxic night cream on Welpr:
- Only the cleanest products make it onto Welpr.
- We use a score called the Welpr Rating to rank each product.
- The Welpr Rating is based on math, not opinion, ensuring it's free from human bias.
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Find Non-Toxic Night Cream
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Restorative Night Cream - DIME Beauty
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$38.00
Product Details
- Hydrates skin overnight, reducing fine lines, wrinkles, and pores
- Contains nourishing ingredients such as jojoba oil, squalane, shea butter, sea buckthorn, peptides, and ceramides for deep hydration and irritation relief
- Mimics skin's structure and supports its natural nocturnal renewal processes for rejuvenated, youthful appearance
- Recommended use in the evening as the last step in skincare routine after cleansing and serum application
- Features sustainable packaging, clean ingredients, and is vegan and cruelty-free
- Each ingredient has a safe rating according to the Environmental Working Group, ensuring daily product confidence
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Hydrating
- Lightweight
- Moisturizing
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Ethylhexyl Olivate, Isononyl Isononanoate, Glyceryl Stearate, Pentylene Glycol, 1,2 Hexanediol, Behenyl Alcohol, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Squalane, Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate, Hydroxyacetophenone, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Carbomer, Xanthan Gum, Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil, Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Unsaponifiables, Stearyl Glycyrrhetinate, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Linoleic Acid, Phospholipids, Phytosterols, Ceramide NP, Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Glycolipids, Soybean Phytosterols, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Triple C Night Cream - Mad Hippie
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$26.99
Product Details
- Contains three bioavailable forms of Vitamin C, enhancing collagen rejuvenation and skin protection.
- Formulated to repair tired and dull skin safely and gently, without causing redness.
- Intended for application before bedtime to smooth and soften aging, acne-prone, or sun-damaged skin.
- Deeply hydrating, helps minimize the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, discoloration, and dark spots.
- Non-GMO, cruelty-free, and vegan product that leverages the power of nature for skincare.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Moisturizing
- Smoothing
- Pleasant
Cons Mentioned
- Heavy
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Deionized Water (Aqua), Organic Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, Isopropyl Palmitate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (Vitamin C), Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (Vitamin C), Ascorbyl Glucoside (Vitamin C), Cetyl Alcohol, Glycerin, Polyglyceryl-2 Stearate (And) Glyceryl Stearate (And) Stearyl Alcohol, Stearic Acid, Glyceryl Stearate, Inonotus Obliquus (Chaga Mushroom) Extract, Ganoderma Lucidum (Reishi Mushroom) Extract, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Phenethyl Alcohol, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexyl Glycerin, Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract, Rubus Chamaemorus (Cloudberry) Fruit Extract, Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Seed Oil, Squalane, Sodium Pca, Xanthan Gum, Steam Distilled Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Sweet Orange) Oil, Sodium Hyaluronate Acid (Hyaluronic Acid), Tocotrienol (Vitamin E), Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Root Extract, Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Extract, Allantoin, Ceramide 3, Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Oceanly Night Cream Bar - Attitude
Certifications
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$35.16
Product Details
- Concentrated unscented formula that absorbs into the outer layer of the skin
- Enriched with naturally sourced ingredients such as safflower oil, stabilized vitamin C, dulse extract, and phytoglycogen
- EWG Verified indicating no ingredients of concern according to Environmental Working Group standards
- 100% vegan and cruelty-free
- Comes in FSC-certified plastic-free and biodegradable paper packaging
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Smooth
- Nourishing
- Natural
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Wax, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Jojoba Esters, Glycerin, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Dicaprylyl Ether, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, Oleyl Lactate, Undecane, Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides, Aqua / Water / Eau, Tridecane, Behenyl Behenate, Zea Mays (Corn) Starch, Polyhydroxystearic Acid, Polyglyceryl-6 Laurate, Panthenol, Polyglyceryl-10 Oleate, Sucrose Laurate, Sucrose Stearate, Acacia Decurrens Flower Wax, Polyglycerin-3, Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax, Sorbitan Palmitate, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Palmaria Palmata (Dulse) Extract, Glycogen, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Magnolol, Honokiol, Rice Amino Acids, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Glyceryl Caprylate, Hydrolyzed Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Seed Extract, Proline
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Hyaluronic Acid & Shea Butter Anti-Aging Night Cream for Sensitive Skin - Cleure
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$78.00
Product Details
- Formulated with shea butter and sodium hyaluronate for deep hydration and anti-aging effects, including firming and smoothing of skin.
- Infused with vitamin E, an antioxidant that protects skin from environmental damage and helps rejuvenate skin by strengthening its barrier.
- Designed for sensitive and acne-prone skin with a non-comedogenic, lightweight formula that hydrates without clogging pores.
- Suitable for nightly use to hydrate and brighten skin but can also be used as a daily moisturizer for very dry sensitive skin.
- Can be paired with Cleure Day Cream for comprehensive 24-hour coverage and hydration.
- Limited ingredient formula free of common irritants like SLS, fragrances, essential oils, parabens, and gluten, aiming to soothe sensitive, allergy-prone skin.
- Dermatologist recommended and endorsed by Mayo Clinic/Skin Safe, CAMP lists, and Duke Dermatology.
- Made in the USA, not tested on animals, and gluten-free.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Non-irritating
- Moisturizing
Cons Mentioned
- Heavy
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Purified Water (Aqua), Butyrospermum Parkii(Shea) Butter, Cetearyl Alcohol, Polysorbate-60, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Glyceryl Caprylate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E; Used As An Antioxidant)
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Organic Phytofuse Renew™ Night Cream - Inika
Certifications
Est. Price
$75.00
Product Details
- Enriched with Shea Butter for intense moisturization and Resveratrol for antioxidant benefits.
- Targets anti-ageing, sun damage, fine lines, wrinkles, and anti-pollution.
- Formulated for normal and combination skin types.
- Key ingredients include Grape Juice Extract, Argan Oil, and Rose of Jericho Extract.
- Clinically proven to improve skin elasticity by 45% in 28 days and decrease wrinkles by 21% in 28 days.
- Increases hydration by 27% in the first 7 days of use.
- Infused with antioxidants to prevent free radical damage and promote youthful skin.
- Soothes and regenerates skin overnight with nourishing Argan and Rosehip Oils.
- Boosts collagen production and repairs skin with Polyphenol-rich Resveratrol and Phytofuse Renew.
- Packaged in a sustainable glass jar with an aluminium lid.
- Part of a 100% natural, vegan and organic skincare line.
- Features Phytofuse Renew from the Rose of Jericho, known for its protective and healing properties.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis Leaf (Aloe Vera) Juice*, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter*, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil*, Cetearyl Alcohol, Propanediol, Water (Aqua), Selaginella Lepidophylla (Rose Of Jericho) Extract, Cetearyl Glucoside, Glycerin, Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Juice Extract, Argania Spinosa (Argan) Kernel Oil*, Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil*, Rosa Canina (Rosehip) Fruit Oil*, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil*, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil*, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil*, Pelargonium Graveolens (Geranium) Flower Oil*, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil*, Pogostemon Cablin (Patchouli) Leaf Oil*, Eugenia Caryophyllus (Clove) Bud Oil*, Vetiveria Zizanoides (Vetiver) Root Oil*, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum (Cinnamon) Bark Oil*, Cananga Odorata Flower (Ylang Ylang) Oil*, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil, Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Lactobacillus Ferment (Probiotic), Xanthan Gum, Citric Acid, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate, Sodium Levulinate+, Glyceryl Caprylate, Sodium Anisate+, Benzyl Alcohol+, Limonene, Geraniol, Eugenol, Citronellol, Linalool, Cinnamal
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Hyaluronic Acid Anti Aging Night Cream - Alitura
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$85.00
Product Details
- Contains 10% hyaluronic acid for intense hydration and radiance enhancement.
- Incorporates antioxidant-rich botanical stem cells to firm skin and reduce wrinkles.
- Formulated with botanical extracts, superfoods, and a variety of natural ingredients to boost skin regeneration and collagen growth.
- Designed to repair sun damage and improve skin elasticity.
- Free from fillers, synthetic formulas, preservatives, chemicals, and GMOs.
- Apply before bed to enable night-long absorption and deliver a glowing complexion in the morning.
- Also effective for use on the neck and chest areas.
- Part of the proceeds from sales are donated to Smile Train to support cleft repair surgery for children globally.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Hydrating
- Luxurious
- Healing
Cons Mentioned
- Greasy
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Helichrysum Hydrosol, Hawaiian Beeswax, Pracaxi/ Acai Oil Blend, 10% Hyaluronic Acid (Vegan), Purified Water, Andiroba Oil, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract, Buriti Oil, Raw Manuka Honey, Cacao Butter, Rose Hip Seed Oil, Royal Jelly, Edelweiss Stem Cells, Gardenia Stem Cells, Colostrum, Co-Q 10, Red Clover Extract, Chaga Mushroom Extract, Chlorella Extract, Camu Camu Extract, Shisandra Extract, Essential Oils (German Blue Chamomile, Madagascar Vanilla, Neroli, Lemon, Sea Buckthorn, Geranium) * Organic Ingredients ** Wild Harvested
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Resurrection Polypeptide Cream - Cocokind
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$26.98
Product Details
- Contains resurrection plant extract to restore hydration, increase skin resilience, and protect from dehydration.
- Formulated with a polypeptide complex to support natural collagen production, improving skin firmness and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
- Suitable for sensitive skin, providing a velvety finish without fragrance or essential oils.
- Vegan and cruelty-free, ensuring ethical production standards.
- Dermatologist tested to ensure safety and suitability for various skin types.
- Recommended for daily use, either in the morning or evening, by applying a dime-sized amount onto clean skin.
- Designed to be part of a skincare routine that includes cleansing, serum application, and moisturizing.
- Enhances skin's moisture levels and plumpness without feeling heavy, ideal for use as a night cream.
- Part of a skincare line that aims to deliver gentle support for hydration and skin barrier, promoting overall glowing, happy skin.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Moisturizing
- Thick
- Hydrating
Cons Mentioned
- Pilling
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water/Eau, Citrullus Lanatus (Watermelon) Seed Oil, Squalane, Triolein, Musa Sapientum (Banana) Leaf/Trunk Extract, Glycerin, Betaine, Cetearyl Olivate, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Crambe Abyssinica Seed Oil Phytosterol Esters, Glyceryl Stearate Se, Jojoba Esters, Selaginella Lepidophylla Extract (1), Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Olivate, Nicotiana Benthamiana Hexapeptide-40 Sh-Polypeptide-76 (2), Butylene Glycol, Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract, Genipa Americana Fruit Extract (3), Sorbitan Palmitate, Sorbitan Oleate, Xanthan Gum, Citric Acid. 1) Resurrection Plant Extract 2) Plant-Derived 3) Jagua Fruit Extract
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Ultra Hydrating Overnight Dream Facial Cream - Acure
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$32.24
Product Details
- Product is vegan-friendly.
- Designed for overnight use to hydrate skin.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Crema
Cons Mentioned
- Expectativas
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Panthenol, Cetyl Palmitate, Methyl Palmitate, Vegetable Oil, Pentylene Glycol, Methylpropanediol, Sodium Polyacrylate, Arginine HCL, 4-T-Butylcyclohexanol, Caprylyl Glycol, Sodium Hydroxide, Pantolactone, Citric Acid, Special Ingredients: Tribalance Complex
Our Product Rating System
First, Camille (co-creator of Welpr) hand picks cleaner product options from a variety of sources.
Next, we collect information about each product's safety, consumer satisfaction, and eco-ethical standing.
Finally, we run all this information through an algorithm that calculates the Welpr Rating.
Welpr Rating:
5.0/5
Part 1: Product safety
We evaluate safety information from 3rd party organizations (e.g. EWG, Made Safe, etc.). Instead of relying solely on any one of these companies for safety information, we assess all of them.
Part 2: Consumer satisfaction
We scour the web for consumer ratings and reviews to verify products are not only cleaner options, but also effective. Products can either be Above Average, Average, or Below average for their respective category (e.g. cleaning products).
Part 3: Ethics & Environment
When you buy a product, you’re supporting that company with your dollars. We believe it’s important to support ethical companies, so we pool together certifications that verify a company's ethics and environmental impact.
Common Harmful Chemicals in Night Cream
Chemical Name
Why it’s harmful
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is recognised as a skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant according to ICSC. It may cause allergic reactions and eye irritation as stated by the HSDB. Exposure may even result in eye burns, as per CAMEO. Depending on its form - which may range from a solid (90-98% purity), to a paste (30-41%), or an aqueous solution (28-50%) - it can significantly irritate skin and eyes, with adverse effects escalating with increased concentration. Despite these hazards, it is not a skin sensitizer according to CHEMINFO, while eChemPortal: ERMA and MSDSonline endorse its classification as an irritant.
Oxybenzone
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (Benzophenone-3; BP-3) is a compound used as a UV absorber and stabilizer in plastics, paints, and sunscreens. Human studies have found photosensitivity to it, while non-human animal studies have found that high concentrations contribute to changes in liver weight and disruptions to reproductive parameters in mice and rats. It is identified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical and can affect the behavior of certain fish species. Despite this, it did not induce gene mutations in tests with the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium.
Butylated Hydroxytoluene
BHT, a toluene-based ingredient, serves as a preservative in food and personal care products. Safety assessments have noted toxic effects in lung tissue when BHT was applied to rats' skin but considered the low concentrations in cosmetics safe. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) suggests moderate evidence of BHT being a respiratory irritant in humans.
Toluene
Toluene is a clear, colorless liquid that naturally occurs in crude oil and the tolu tree. It's prominent in the production of gasoline, coke from coal, and various consumer products like paints, adhesives, and nail polish. Toluene is even added to gasoline, used to create benzene, and acts as a solvent. However, exposure to toluene, especially from inhalation, can have serious health effects. It primarily targets the central nervous system, inducing symptoms like fatigue, nausea, headaches, and in chronic cases, can cause severe dysfunction. Exposure has also been linked to developmental effects in children, but there isn't enough evidence to conclude its carcinogenic potential. Abuse of toluene can cause permanent brain damage, liver injury, and even potential birth defects or increased risk of spontaneous abortions in pregnant women. Despite these risks, cognitive deficits from toluene exposure below a threshold limit value (TLV) of 50 ppm remain extremely low.
Methylisothiazolinone
Methylisothiazolinone can reportedly cause allergic contact dermatitis in workers who interact with products containing it. This substance is recognized as a contact allergen for consumers using cosmetics that include it. It can cause skin burns and sensitization, and inhaling it may lead to corrosive injuries in the upper respiratory tract and lungs. Ingesting this substance is harmful, and inhalation is toxic. This preservative is linked to the category of isothiazolinones.
Sources:
Antimicrobial agents, triclosan, chloroxylenol, methylisothiazolinone and borax, used in cleaning had genotoxic and histopathologic effects on rainbow trout, Methylisothiazolinone toxicity and inhibition of wound healing and regeneration in planaria, Methylchloroisothiazolinone and/or methylisothiazolinone in cosmetic products, Isothiazolinone Biocides: Chemistry, Biological, and Toxicity Profiles, Methylisothiazolinone and isothiazolinone allergy, Analysis of isothiazolinones in environmental waters by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Methylisothiazolinone induces apoptotic cell death via matrix metalloproteinase activation in human bronchial epithelial cells, EU REGULATIONS , Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: a review, Effects of methylisothiazolinone and octylisothiazolinone on development and thyroid endocrine system in zebrafish larvae, Two Cases of Chloromethylisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone-associated Toxic Lung Injury, An update of the risk assessment for methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) with focus on rinse-off products, Effects of a mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone on peripheral airway dysfunction in children, Isothiazolinone preservative: cause of a continuing epidemic of cosmetic dermatitis, Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: Methylisothiazolinone and Methylchloroisothiazolinone
Phenoxyethanol
2-Phenoxyethanol is a hazardous substance toxic by all routes of exposure, and is used widely in products like cosmetics, soaps, and inks, among others. The effects of exposure to this faintly aromatic, colorless, oily liquid can include eye irritation, headaches, tremors, and CNS depression. It's crucial to rinse exposed eyes with tepid water for at least 15 minutes and to wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water in case of contact. The substance requires preheating before ignition can occur, and if involved in a fire, gentle water spray can extinguish the fire by inducing frothing.
Retinol
Oral administration of high doses in adults causes ciricrhosis, hemorrhage, anorexia, jaundice, and dermatitis. The use of this substance is contraindicated in pregnancy at doses larger than the FDA recommend daily allowance. Ingesting 25,000 IU/d over a period of 2-3 weeks may result in toxicity, symptoms of which include liver injury and increased intracranial pressure, leading to blurred vision, headaches, and changes to mental status. The substance is also found to be an irritant and harmful if ingested, with teratogenic effects observed in experimental animals.
Benzophenone
Benzophenone (BZP) is a photoinitiator, fragrance enhancer, and ultraviolet stabilizer, used in a variety of industrial applications. Despite not being registered as a pesticide in the U.S., it's involved in the production of insecticides and agricultural chemicals. Its toxic effects on humans are scarcely documented, but it presents little hormonal activity on cell lines. Animal studies show it possesses no estrogenic activity, but it can transform into derivatives with such activity under UV irradiation. It did not show reproductive toxicity or carcinogenicity in rats and mice, respectively, even at high doses. It can be bioactivated through specific enzymes. For aquatic life, fathead minnow larvae were more sensitive to BZP, ranking it in the middle of the toxicity order of six benzene derivatives.
Sources:
Benzophenone & Related Compounds, Chemical Profile: Benzophenone, Toxicological evaluation of benzophenone, Benzophenone – information sheet, Proposition 65 Warnings: Benzophenone, OEHHA: Benzophenone, FDA Removes 7 Synthetic Flavoring Substances from Food Additives List, Benzophenone-3, a chemical UV-filter in cosmetics: is it really safe for children and pregnant women? ,
Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine is a chemical found in various consumer products like shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Acute exposure in humans can result in irritation of the nose, throat, and skin. However, no detailed data is available on its chronic, reproductive, developmental or carcinogenic effects on humans. Studies on animals reveal that acute oral exposure can influence the liver, blood, kidney, and central nervous system, while dermal exposure has been connected with an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice. Production of first-degree burns, skin irritation, occupational asthma, kidney, and liver injury risk, and potential skin sensitization are some other adverse effects associated with diethanolamine.
Sources:
Chemical Safety Facts: Ethanolamines, NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Diethanolamine, California Environmental Protection Agency: Diethanolamine , International Agency for Research on Cancer: Diethanolamine, Initial List of Hazardous Air Pollutants with Modifications, What is the Toxics Release Inventory?, OPINION CONCERNING DIALKYL- AND DIALKANOLAMINES AND THEIR SALTS IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS, Ethanolamine Compounds (MEA, DEA, TEA And Others), WHAT ARE ETHANOLAMINE COMPOUNDS (DEA, MEA, OR TEA): CHEMICAL FREE LIVING, The Dirty Dozen: DEA-related ingredients, FDA: Diethanolamine, Chemical Profile: Diethanolamine ,
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