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Best Non-Toxic Floor Cleaner in 2024
Written by Camille May
Cofounder & Product Curator
Medically reviewed by Olushola Awoyemi
PhD Environmental Toxicology
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What you should know when choosing non-toxic floor cleaners on Welpr:
- Only the cleanest products make it onto Welpr.
- We use a score called the Welpr Rating to rank each product.
- The Welpr Rating is based on math, not opinion, ensuring it's free from human bias.
Find Non-Toxic Floor Cleaner
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Floor Surface Cleaner, Citrus Zest - Attitude
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$16.00
Product Details
- EWG Verified for clean ingredients and transparency.
- Made with ≥ 94% naturally sourced ingredients.
- Formulated with plant-based ingredients like saponin, a naturally sourced cleaning agent, and surfactants derived from glucose.
- Packaging is made from easily recyclable HDPE #2 plastic.
- 100% vegan and cruelty-free, certified by PETA.
- Hypoallergenic and made with plant- and mineral-based ingredients.
- Biodegradable, ECOLOGO Certified, and contains no harmful chemicals.
- Designed for a streak-free shine on tile and wood floors.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Eco-friendly
- Effective
- Safe
Cons Mentioned
- Residue
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: <5% Non-Ionic Surfactants (Caprylyl Glucoside, Myristyl Glucoside), Contains Also: Water, Sodium Citrate, Sapindus Mukorossi Fruit Extract (Saponins), Sodium Gluconate, Sodium Carbonate, Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinate, Oleic Acid, Triethyl Citrate, Terpineol Acetate, Terpineol, Tetrahydrolinalool, Fragrance
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Hardwood Floor Cleaner, Bright Lemon - Aunt Fannie's
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$13.99
Product Details
- Plant-based floor cleaner formulated specifically for hardwood floors, including solid, engineered, bamboo, manufactured, and laminated types.
- Ultra Concentrated formula; mix 1/2 cup of solution into 2 gallons of water for use in mop buckets, floor cleaning machines, or spray bottles.
- Features a refreshing, bright lemon essential oil scent.
- Leaves no residue and does not require rinsing after application.
- Safe for use around children and pets; dermatologist tested and hypoallergenic.
- Rated 'A' by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) for safety standards.
- Part of a full line of natural cleaning products including multi-surface cleaners, carpet refreshers, and pest control solutions.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Natural
- Refreshing
Cons Mentioned
- Sticky
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Sugar Surfactant (Caprylyl/Myristyl Glucoside), Orange Peel Extract, Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil, Spearmint Oil, Peppermint Oil, Lemon Peel Oil, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Cocoate
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Natural Multi-Surface Cleaner, Green Tea & Lime - Puracy
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$19.99
Product Details
- Recognized as "The Best All-Purpose Cleaner" by The New York Times
- Effectively formulated to clean any hard surface without causing streaks
- Developed and tested by PhDs, this plant-based formula addresses a wide range of household stains and residues including food, soda, grease, and more
- Usable on multiple surfaces such as kitchen countertops, electronics, hardwood floors, jewelry, and various metals and stones
- Designed to reduce plastic usage by 90% and comes concentrated enough to create one gallon of cleaner
- Safe for children, pets, and all household surfaces; hypoallergenic, vegan, and gluten-free
- Ensures sparkling, residue-free results on diverse surfaces
- Biodegradable and cruelty-free, never tested on animals
- Produced in the USA
- Infused with a scent of freshly steeped green tea leaves and lime with a touch of herbs
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Efficient
- Natural
- Versatile
Cons Mentioned
- Sticky
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Purified Water, Decyl Glucoside (Sugar-Based Cleanser), C6-C12 Alcohol Ethoxylate (Sugar-Based Cleanser), C12-C15 Alcohol Ethoxylate (Plant-Based Cleanser), C9-C11 Alcohol Ethoxylate (Plant-Based Cleanser), Citric Acid (Plant-Based pH Neutralizer), Sodium Citrate (Plant-Based pH Neutralizer), Natural Green Tea & Lime Botanical Extracts, Benzisothiazolinone (Biodegradable Preservative)
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Sal Suds Biodegradable Cleaner, Pine - Dr. Bronner's
Certifications
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$15.69
Product Details
- Versatile all-purpose cleaner suitable for cleaning floors, laundry, dishes, furniture, and cars, without irritating skin.
- Effective in both hard and soft water, rinses freely in hot or cold water and rapidly biodegrades.
- Formulated with plant-based surfactants that cut grease and dirt, producing copious suds.
- Mildly scented with pure fir and spruce essential oils, free from synthetic dyes, fragrances, or preservatives, phthalates, and ammonium compounds.
- Product ingredients are never tested on animals and bear the Leaping Bunny logo for cruelty-free certification.
- Contains the purest organic and fair trade ingredients, promoting regenerative organic farming practices to enrich soil and increase biodiversity.
- Certifications include USDA Certified Organic, Fair For Life, Certified Vegan, Certified Leaping Bunny, and B Corp, ensuring ethical standards and environmental responsibility.
- Supports various causes like regenerative agriculture, fair trade, wage equality, and animal welfare.
- Emphasizes sustainability with a commitment to using renewable energy and post-consumer recycled plastic in product packaging.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Versatile
- Concentrated
- Effective
Cons Mentioned
- Pricey
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Coco-Betaine, Decyl Glucoside, Abies Siberica (Siberian Fir) Needle Oil, Picea Glauca (Spruce) Leaf Oil, Citric Acid, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Hydroxide
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
WetJet Floor Cleaner with Febreze Freshness, Lavender - Swiffer
Certifications
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$12.94
Product Details
- Safe and fast-drying formula, but not suitable for unfinished, oiled, waxed wooden boards, non-sealed tiles, or carpeted floors due to water sensitivity.
- Pre-mixed cleaning solution that dissolves dirt and tough, sticky messes.
- Designed to reveal the natural beauty of your floors.
- For optimal results, recommended for use with Swiffer WetJet mopping pads.
- Available in multiple scents including Febreze Lavender Comfort, Open Window Fresh with the Power of Dawn, Gain, Sweet Citrus & Zest, and Wood Edition.
- Formulated to loosen dirt and lift it off the floor.
- Features the Febreze Lavender Comfort scent.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Convenient
- Effective
- Smells
Cons Mentioned
- Pricey
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Propylene Glycol Butyl Ether, Phenoxyisopropanol, Acrylic Polymer, C10-16 Alkyldimethylamine Oxide, Didecyldimonium Chloride, Fragrances
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Floor Cleaner Vinegar Wash Concentrate, Bright Lemon - Aunt Fannie's
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$13.99
Product Details
- Utilizes natural vinegar for cleaning without harsh chemicals.
- Ultra concentrated formula - mix 1/2 cup with 2 gallons of water for mopping.
- Leaves a fresh lemon scent after the vinegar scent dissipates.
- EWG A-rated for top safety and designed to be people and pet-friendly.
- Effective on sealed hardwood, tile, vinyl, linoleum, and more when used as directed.
- Part of a comprehensive product line including vinegar floor cleaners, counter sprays, carpet refreshers, and pest control solutions.
- Products are made with non-toxic ingredients and essential oil scents, listed clearly on labels.
- Partners with the Environmental Working Group to ensure reduced impact of ingredients on health and environment.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Non-toxic
- Cleans
- Refreshing
Cons Mentioned
- Smell
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Distilled White Vinegar, Sugar Surfactant (Caprylyl/Myristyl Glucoside), Polyglyceryl-6 Caprylate, Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate, Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil, Peppermint Oil, Lemon Peel Oil, Orange Peel Oil, Spearmint Oil
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Multi-Purpose Cleaner, Disinfectant & Deodorizer, Unscented - Force Of Nature
Certifications
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$79.50
Product Details
- Kills 99.9% of germs, viruses, and bacteria using electrolyzed water comprised of tap water and a capsule containing salt, water, and vinegar.
- Approved by the federal Environmental Protection Agency as a disinfectant and sanitizer with registration number 93040-1.
- Replaces multiple cleaners including those for kitchens, bathrooms, and glass, functioning as a disinfectant and deodorizer as effective as bleach on numerous surfaces.
- Utilizes non-toxic chemicals, free from added fragrances, dyes, preservatives, surfactants, or irritants; safe to use without gloves and does not require rinsing on baby or pet toys.
- Environmentally friendly, designed to reduce plastic waste by using recyclable activator capsules that lower plastic waste by 97%.
- Product set includes a 12 oz Electrolyzer Appliance, Power Cord, 5 Activator Capsules, a 12 oz Reusable Spray Bottle, a Quick Start Guide, and a User Manual.
- Effective for hard non-porous surfaces against pathogens like Staph, MRSA, Salmonella, Norovirus, Listeria, Influenza A, and Pseudomonas when used as directed.
- Recommended to use cleaner within 2 weeks of production for maximum potency.
- Suitable for use in a variety of establishments including hospitals, schools, restaurants, and homes.
- Tips for homes with hard water: Use of a water softener or reverse osmosis filtered water is suggested to prevent mineral interference and prolong appliance life.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Easy
- Safe
Cons Mentioned
- Leaky
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Salt, Vinegar
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Hard Surface Floor Cleaner, Unscented - OdoBan
Certifications
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$49.99
Product Details
- Effectively lifts and removes dirt and grime from various floor types.
- Hard Surface and Luxury Vinyl cleaners feature a water-based pH neutral formula that is fast drying and leaves no streaks or dulling residue.
- Multi-Surface cleaner incorporates an oxygenated formula that loosens and lifts tough soils.
- Suitable for daily cleaning on a range of surfaces including stone, tile, travertine, hardwood, laminate, vinyl, and more.
- Safe for use around pets and children when used as directed.
- Contains no added dyes, phosphorus, parabens, phthalates, ammonia, or gluten.
- Not suitable for use on waxed or oiled floors.
- Compatible with spray mops.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Isopropylidene Glycol, Decyl Glucoside, 1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-One, Sodium Lactate
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Natural Hardwood Floor Cleaner , Fresh Citrus - Begley's
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$18.98
Product Details
- Effectively removes grease and dirt without the use of harmful fumes, making it safe for families and pets.
- Features powerful cleaning capabilities that deliver streak-free results without leaving any waxy film or shine-dulling residue.
- Incorporates plant-based ingredients ensuring a safe environment for both the home and the planet while leaving no harmful residue upon evaporation.
- Convenient and easy application; simply shake well, apply directly to the floor, and wipe with a microfiber mop.
- Boasts a fresh citrus scent and reduces the appearance of fingerprints and smudges on flooring.
- USDA Certified Biobased Product with a 96% biobase content, promoting sustainability.
- Product packaging includes a recyclable non-aerosol bottle enhancing its eco-friendliness.
- Manufactured in the USA, ensuring domestic quality and support.
- Aligns with environmentalist Ed Begley, Jr.'s vision for natural, effective, and earth-responsible household commodities.
- Commitment to transparency with full ingredient disclosure and free from animal testing, supporting cruelty-free practices.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Natural
- Safe
Cons Mentioned
- Sticky
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Specially Denatured Alcohol (SDA) 38B, Decyl Glucoside, Natural Fragrance Blend, Phenoxyethanol
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Multi Surface Floor Cleaner, Fresh Citrus - Begley's
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$18.98
Product Details
- Utilizes a natural citrus-based solvent to effectively clean and dissolve grease and dirt.
- Ensures streak-free cleaning without leaving a waxy film or residue.
- Designed for use on various surfaces including wood, tile, concrete, and marble floors.
- Emits a fresh citrus scent during use.
- Formula consists of plant-based ingredients to minimize environmental and health risks.
- Incorporates user-friendly design with no need for measuring or mixing; shake and apply directly to the floor.
- Safe for use around both pets and people, supporting a healthier home environment.
- Comes in a recyclable non-aerosol bottle, aligning with environmentally responsible practices.
- Proudly made in the USA, ensuring quality and local production.
- Endorsed by Ed Begley, Jr., a well-known environmentalist, reflecting a commitment to earth-responsible products.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Refreshing
- Natural
Cons Mentioned
- Expensive
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, Propane Diol Decyl Glucoside, Natural Fragrance Blend, Phenoxyethanol
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all cleaning products on Welpr.
Multi-Surface Cleaning Concentrate, Lemongrass - SCD Probiotics
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$19.39
Product Details
- Features patented technology that uses a blend of active probiotics and enzymes to break down dirt, grime, and odor on various surfaces, including fabric.
- Continues to clean surfaces for up to 7 days after application.
- 100% eco-friendly and safe for use around babies, kids, and pets due to its hypoallergenic, organic essential oil composition.
- No-rinse formula that leaves no residue or film, usable on various surfaces including kitchen countertops and bathroom tiles.
- Concentrated formula: a 16-ounce bottle can be diluted to make 2 gallons of spray cleaner.
- USDA Certified Organic, free from harsh detergents, sulfates, parabens, and synthetic fragrances.
- Ingredients are food-grade and skin-friendly, making it safe for use without gloves.
- Continuously active: sprayed probiotics keep working and cleaning for up to 7 days on treated surfaces.
- Offers a sustainable cleaning option by prolonging the usable life of cleaning sponges through daily application of the probiotic cleaner.
Pros & Cons
Pros Mentioned
- Effective
- Eco-friendly
- Non-toxic
Cons Mentioned
- Residue
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use this EWG tool.
Ingredients: Water, 13 Probiotics, Beneficial Postbiotics From Fermentation Brew, Lemongrass Essential Oil
Our Product Rating System
First, Camille (co-creator of Welpr) hand picks cleaner product options from a variety of sources.
Next, we collect information about each product's safety, consumer satisfaction, and eco-ethical standing.
Finally, we run all this information through an algorithm that calculates the Welpr Rating.
Welpr Rating:
5.0/5
Part 1: Product safety
We evaluate safety information from 3rd party organizations (e.g. EWG, Made Safe, etc.). Instead of relying solely on any one of these companies for safety information, we assess all of them.
Part 2: Consumer satisfaction
We scour the web for consumer ratings and reviews to verify products are not only cleaner options, but also effective. Products can either be Above Average, Average, or Below average for their respective category (e.g. cleaning products).
Part 3: Ethics & Environment
When you buy a product, you’re supporting that company with your dollars. We believe it’s important to support ethical companies, so we pool together certifications that verify a company's ethics and environmental impact.
Common Harmful Chemicals in Floor Cleaner
Chemical Name
Why it’s harmful
Benzene
Benzene is a colorless, sweet-smelling, highly flammable liquid that evaporates quickly into the air and slightly dissolves in water. It's a byproduct of both natural processes and human activities, used extensively in the U.S production of other chemicals for plastics, resins, nylon, rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Present in crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke, benzene is also released into the air from burning coal, oil, gasoline stations, and vehicle exhaust. Short-term exposure may cause drowsiness, dizziness, and irritation, while long-term exposure leads to blood disorders, reproductive effects, and even leukemia. Benzene has been classified by EPA as a known human carcinogen, and regulations apply to various industry sectors with potentially high exposure risks.
Sources:
Tripropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether
Tripropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether may cause mild and transient eye irritation, and it could have anesthetic effects. Continuous or repeated overexposure may lead to kidney and neural injury. The chemical doesn't show any hematotoxicity, but excessive exposure might result in narcotic or anesthetic effects.
Sources:
Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate
Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate is toxic upon ingestion and act as a strong oxidizer, posing a fire hazard when exposed to organic materials. It may react violently with combustible substances and decompose due to heat or water, releasing toxic gases such as chlorine. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract, and prolonged exposure can result in corrosive skin burns. Inhalation of high concentrations can lead to acute pulmonary edema. It may also explode from shock, friction, or other ignition sources, and can cause fires upon contact with combustible materials.
Nonylphenol ethoxylate
Nonylphenol ethoxylate, commonly found in cleaning products, has been linked to allergic contact dermatitis among workers. It is a strong eye irritant, causing mild to severe eye irritation, possible corneal injury, and mild skin irritation. Inhalation can be harmful. It has been shown to cause changes in liver functions and have demonstrated effects on the liver, kidney, and fetus at doses that are toxic to mothers (maternally toxic) in non-mammalian species. Despite these effects, there is no reported teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, or skin sensitization associated with nonylphenol ethoxylate in experimental animals and human studies.
Sources:
Monoethanolamine
2-Aminoethanol is a colorless, viscous liquid that, despite not being registered for pesticide use in the U.S, holds vast potential in a variety of applications. It can be used in cutting fluids, production of soaps, surfactants, salts, corrosion control inhibitors, pharmaceuticals, and even in protective topical solutions against chemical warfare agents. Used as a pharmaceutical adjuvant, 2-Aminoethanol is effective as a solvent for fats and oils and in creating emulsion formulas like lotions and creams. However, it poses health risks, as a 5.9% concentration can irritate human skin and inhalation may cause allergic reactions, liver damage, and liver symptoms.
Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine is a chemical found in various consumer products like shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Acute exposure in humans can result in irritation of the nose, throat, and skin. However, no detailed data is available on its chronic, reproductive, developmental or carcinogenic effects on humans. Studies on animals reveal that acute oral exposure can influence the liver, blood, kidney, and central nervous system, while dermal exposure has been connected with an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice. Production of first-degree burns, skin irritation, occupational asthma, kidney, and liver injury risk, and potential skin sensitization are some other adverse effects associated with diethanolamine.
Sources:
Chemical Safety Facts: Ethanolamines, NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Diethanolamine, California Environmental Protection Agency: Diethanolamine , International Agency for Research on Cancer: Diethanolamine, Initial List of Hazardous Air Pollutants with Modifications, What is the Toxics Release Inventory?, OPINION CONCERNING DIALKYL- AND DIALKANOLAMINES AND THEIR SALTS IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS, Ethanolamine Compounds (MEA, DEA, TEA And Others), WHAT ARE ETHANOLAMINE COMPOUNDS (DEA, MEA, OR TEA): CHEMICAL FREE LIVING, The Dirty Dozen: DEA-related ingredients, FDA: Diethanolamine, Chemical Profile: Diethanolamine ,
Triethanolamine
Triethanolamine appears to cause occupational asthma and allergic contact dermatitis in machinists and photographers, as well as liver and kidney damage in animals with high-dose feeding. It's noted to be an irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, with potential to cause skin sensitization, though the rate of skin sensitization in humans is low. Triethanolamine has low acute toxicity, with median oral LD50 values of 4,190-11,260 mg/kg in rats and 5,300-8,000 mg/kg in guinea pigs, and a median dermal LD50 greater than 2,000 mg/kg in rabbits. Triethanolamine is not carcinogenic, developmental toxicant, or toxic to the reproductive system. However, chronic exposure may lead to liver and kidney damage.
Sources:
Safety assessment of triethanolamine and triethanolamine-containing ingredients as used in cosmetics, Toxicology of mono-, di-, and triethanolamine, Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: Ethanolamine Compounds (MEA, DEA, TEA And Others), The Dirty Dozen: DEA-related ingredients, Chemical Profile, Special Chem, Safety assessment of triethanolamine and triethanolamine-containing ingredients as used in cosmetics
Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is primarily used to create salts that aid in the processing of producing fluoropolymers and fluoroelastomers. It also acts as a surfactant in firefighting foams, an intermediate in creating fluoroacrylic esters, and a crucial aspect in manufacturing Teflon and similar chemicals. However, exposure to PFOA can lead to adverse health effects, including alterations in thyroid hormone levels, lower fertility, an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, higher cholesterol and triglyceride levels, a possible link to ADHD, smaller abdominal circumference and birth length in infants, an increased risk of common cold and gastroenteritis in children, and potentially prostate cancer mortality. Studies on animals have indicated possible liver and brain dysfunction, carcinogenicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Ecotoxicity studies found alterations in genes linked to lipid metabolism, hormone action, immune responses, and mitochondrial functions in rare minnows exposed to PFOA.
Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS)
Perfluoroalkyls are synthetic chemicals known for their ability to resist oil, grease, and water, primarily used in surface protection products and fire-fighting foams. The two most abundant perfluoroalkyls are perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Studies have observed liver enlargement and elevated cholesterol in animals given high doses, and the presence of PFOS in various populations has raised environmental and health concerns, leading to the phase-out of some PFOS-based chemicals. Tests have shown a range of health effects in animals, including eye irritation, liver changes, teratogenic effects, and more, with no evidence of mutagenicity. However, no substantial link has been found between PFAS concentrations and increased cardiometabolic risk measures in human studies, and there are no known health effects from exposure when used as intended.
Benzisothiazolinone
Isothiazolinones are preservatives known to cause allergic contact dermatitis, primarily in workers involved in manufacturing industries like paint, paper, rubber, and air fresheners. Additionally, there's a reported case of occupational asthma from exposure to this chemical among workers.
Acetone
Acetone is a colorless, flammable liquid that dissolves in water and has a distinct smell and taste. It is also known as dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, and beta-ketopropane. This manufactured chemical, which is used to create plastic, fibers, drugs, and other chemicals, can also be found in the environment in plants, trees, volcanic gases, forest fires, vehicle exhaust, tobacco smoke, and landfill sites, with industrial processes contributing more to its presence than natural ones. Acetone can be harmful if absorbed through the skin or inhaled, potentially causing irritation to the skin and respiratory tract, as well as adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS), liver, and kidneys. The allowable exposure limit is set based on its potential to cause eye and upper respiratory irritation and CNS impairment.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, when administered orally or through the skin in doses exceeding 800-1000 mg/kg/day, can cause central nervous system depression and changes to the liver and kidneys in animals. However, it doesn't exhibit significant developmental toxicity at these levels. The chemical is not expected to have adverse effects unless workers are exposed to its heated liquid mists. It is an eye irritant and provokes harm to the central nervous system, liver, kidneys, red blood cells, and reproductive system in animal feeding studies. Despite these potential harms, it is poorly absorbed through the skin.
DMDM hydantoin
DMDM hydantoin is a substance used in cosmetics that has the potential to cause allergic contact dermatitis, although rinse-off products generally have a low risk. According to various reports, skin sensitization patch testing has yielded positive results.
Laureth-7
Laureth-7, a surfactant derived from lauryl alcohol sourced from coconut or palm oil, is commonly used in personal care and household products, especially laundry detergents. In detergents, it functions by reducing surface tension between water and soil, aiding in the removal of dirt, stains, and oils from fabrics. This ingredient belongs to the Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs) family, which is found in various consumer goods. Despite past contamination concerns, modern manufacturing processes have addressed and eliminated these issues. Although PEGs are not used in certain personal care products, their inclusion in machine detergents is deemed acceptable since they don't directly touch the skin.
d-Limonene
d-Limonene is a liquid with a lemon-like smell, often used as a solvent to substitute for more volatile and toxic organic solvents. When it comes into contact with air, it can oxidize, and this oxidized form is a known skin sensitizer, capable of irritating skin and eyes. The combination of d-limonene and l-limonene is known as limonene or dipentene. The estimated lethal dose for humans is between 0.5 to 5 g/kg, and studies have shown that it can cause diarrhea and liver effects when ingested in high doses.
Linalool
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants, consisting of two enantiomers. It is widely used in commercial products for its pleasant floral and spicy scent, serving as a key ingredient in soaps, fragrances, food flavors, household products, and insecticides. In plants, linalool functions as a metabolite, volatile oil component, antimicrobial agent, and aroma compound. Acute exposure to linalool can lead to central depressive effects with symptoms such as ataxia, reduced motor activity, and respiratory disturbances. Additionally, inhalation, oral intake, or skin absorption can result in irritation, pain, and allergic reactions.
Methylchloroisothiazolinone
5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) is a compound frequently used as a preservative in cosmetics, hygiene products, and other industrial applications such as hydraulic fracturing fluids. It can also be deployed as a pesticide in the U.S, pending regulatory approval. CMI, which is often used in combination with 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI), can cause contact dermatitis in humans. Various animal studies have shown that a high exposure to a CMIT/MIT mixture can cause alterations in rats' liver function. The production and use of CMI in a range of products mean it can be release into the environment, with some susceptibility to degradation through photolysis in sunlight. Its mobility in soil is high but volatilization from soil or water surfaces is not expected to be significant. Occupational and general exposure to CMI can occur especially through inhalation and dermal contact with CMI-containing products.
Sources:
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Sodium Cumenesulfonate
Sodium Cumenesulfonate is a mild eye irritants that can be significantly absorbed upon ingestion but not after skin application. It has not shown skin sensitization in animal tests but have caused acute toxicity symptoms such as decreased activity, prostration, increased saliva production, diarrhea, and liver congestion. Furthermore, sodium cumenesulfonate has not demonstrated carcinogenic effects in dermal exposure studies.
Trideceth-3
Trideceth-3 is a polyethylene glycol ether of Tridecyl Alcohol used in formulations for its emulsifying and surfactant properties. However, data from the European Union Ecolabel program indicates that this substance possesses high chronic toxicity and very high acute toxicity to aquatic life. Despite these environmental concerns, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel has determined Trideceth-3 to be safe when formulated to be non-irritating.
Trideceth-4
Trideceth-4 is a water-soluble compound with notable wetting, permeability, and emulsifying properties. It enhances the effectiveness of certain silicone oils and is used in various applications including metal processing aids, detergents, and household cleaning agents. However, it can be harmful if ingested and is known to cause serious eye damage, skin irritation, and eye irritation, as indicated by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Despite these concerns, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel has determined it to be safe when formulated to be non-irritating.
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